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#51 2003-01-19 6:53 am
- Cyberpawz
- Member
- Registered: 2001-11-14
- Posts: 10172
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
I kinda think bush endorsing the lawsuit makes me support it even less, but whatever.
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I'm missing something, what lawsuit?
Scratch that, thought it was a new lawusit we were talking bout, not what was on the first page...
Cyberpawz
Governing sense, mind and intellect, intent of liberation, free from desire, fear and anger, the sage is forever free.
Bhagavad Gita (c.B.C. 400)
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#52 2003-01-20 12:24 pm
- Uncle Dick
- Member
- From: 'Ali Sab
- Registered: 2000-08-19
- Posts: 1105
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
Funny thing about this debate, uncle Dick. You challenged me to provide something other than anecdotal evidence that show qualified black people were losing job opportunities to unqualified white people. But when I asked you to provide something other than anecdotal evidence that qualified white people were losing job opportunities to unqualified black people, it seems you've suddenly decided that it wasn't necessary.
Actually, it is important for you to provide evidence (which you obviously don't have). It is entirely unimportant for me to do the same because, as I stated earlier:
There aren't any studies necessary because the very essence of Affirmative Action is the unjust and discriminatory "boosting" of minorities over white males. I don't think anyone's contending otherwise, liberal or conservative. The issue at hand is whether such programs are useful or even constitutional for that matter.
I'll try to explain it for you in simpler terms.
As it stands now in the year 2003, I see absolutely no evidence that minorities are discriminated against in college admissions and job interviews. Affirmative Action was designed to counter such discrimination when it did exist back in the 60s and 70s. Therefore, since there is no longer any evidence that such discrimination still exists, I see no need for the program to exist any longer. At this point in time, it is unjust and unfair towards white males by its very definition.
Again, regardless of whether or not white males are actually being discriminated against in practice, they are most certainly being discriminated against in principle. Since no legal basis exists for discrimination against minorities, you must provide other evidence that it is occuring in practice. Understand now?
At least you stated explicitly that you yourself don't believe in the notion of white superiority. But I'd still like to know why you think anyone is justified in believing that-- AA or not.
Of course I don't. Your feeble attempts to accuse me of racism only indicate your desperation. I don't see how I could possibly justify a belief that I don't believe in myself.
I do, however, believe that white supremicists have the right to believe that they are superior. They just don't have the right to put such a belief into practice and discriminate.
My bottom line is this: I've said numerous times that AA would never had been necessary if organizations in the public and private sectors would have been more proactive on their own about eliminating discrimination in hiring, education, housing, public accomodations, etc. They weren't. Many of them still aren't. The list of discrimination lawsuits in just the last 10 years in which U.S. companies settled to avoid further prosecution reads like a Who's Who of the Fortune 500.
Delightful. We're finally getting into some hard facts. Please provide sources regarding the discrimination lawsuits.
I'll be happy to join to you in observing the end of AA as soon as something is put in its place that works better. Why don't suggest something? I'm listening.
How about <gasp> nothing? How about trusting that the American people have evolved over the past 200 or so years? How about casting your own prejudices and suspicions aside for a moment and seeing how different the world is today? As long as the government endorses racism through AA programs, we will never be truly free.
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#53 2003-01-21 7:38 pm
- so
- Member
- Registered: 2002-12-10
- Posts: 906
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
Ari Fleischer: Terry [Moran, ABC News].
Moran: You said the President is against racial preferences because they're divisive. Is he against other preferences that colleges and universities routinely grant that people see as unfair? Like the one he got?
Fleischer: I understand -- I understand all the interest and the specific questions dealing with the review of the University of Michigan case --
Moran: That is not what I'm asking....When he was 18, he got into Yale University, which had and still has a policy of granting very special preferences to children of graduates, like him. Is that preference okay, to give him a leg up, but other preferences are not?
http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases … 5-5.html#3
I think this is a good question.
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#54 2003-01-21 7:54 pm
- bratboy
- attorney-at-law
- Royal Wombat

- From: Austin, Texas
- Registered: 2003-01-19
- Posts: 30562
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
As it stands now in the year 2003, I see absolutely no evidence that minorities are discriminated against in college admissions and job interviews. Affirmative Action was designed to counter such discrimination when it did exist back in the 60s and 70s. Therefore, since there is no longer any evidence that such discrimination still exists, I see no need for the program to exist any longer. At this point in time, it is unjust and unfair towards white males by its very definition.
So you see no reason to give certain groups (mind you, I think that race could play PART of the admissions process...along with economic status) a 'leg-up' when applying for school? Even those students who have went to school in poor areas, probably receiving an education that is not on par with schools in richer areas?
There are 'facts' at play here. Standardized test score data shows that black students, on the whole, have increased at the same rate of ability as white students...just about 10-15 years behind schedule.
Personally, if I were a college administrator, I might think twice about accepting a upper-middle class student who went to a private high school and has a marginal GPA when another student who came from a poor area is up against him with the same numbers. The system is, obviously, not perfect, though I have heard law professors here at UT give a mulitude of good reasons why they went to court to defend the school's ability to use AA. (even after they lost the lawsuit, they began an admissions process by which every candidate had a face-to-face interview...though their race couldn't be asked (
))
Everyone is aware that these are the same types of programs that get atheletes admitted to programs they normally couldn't get into? Is anyone suing on that account?
"One thing we've learned is there's a difference between being disappointed and having madmen in authority."
--Paul Krugman
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#55 2003-01-21 7:58 pm
- bratboy
- attorney-at-law
- Royal Wombat

- From: Austin, Texas
- Registered: 2003-01-19
- Posts: 30562
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
How about <gasp> nothing? How about trusting that the American people have evolved over the past 200 or so years? How about casting your own prejudices and suspicions aside for a moment and seeing how different the world is today? As long as the government endorses racism through AA programs, we will never be truly free.
What part of the country do you live in? And what do you think about the issue of 'special privileges' being given other ways...like how Bush got into school?
Do you think that all laws baring discrimination should be done away with...by now, 2003, we should be able to trust our fellow Americans to do what is right, right? :?:
"One thing we've learned is there's a difference between being disappointed and having madmen in authority."
--Paul Krugman
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#56 2003-01-21 8:46 pm
- Chris FOM
- The Deobfuscator
- Royal Wombat
- From: Houston, TX
- Registered: 2000-12-05
- Posts: 2475
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
First off, I'm another who wouldn't mind seeing AA go completely. Cut the favoritism in all cases, legacy, affirmative action, everything. When an application comes in, strip all names off it, just use the social security number to ID the person.
Oh, KHannon, do you know Jennifer carter at Notre Dame? Probably not, it's a big school (I got accepted then couldn't afford the 30k, but I know about the school). She's a junior there, played soccer her first two years. Anyway, if you do, she's my cousin.
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#57 2003-01-21 8:48 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
First off, I'm another who wouldn't mind seeing AA go completely. Cut the favoritism in all cases, legacy, affirmative action, everything. When an application comes in, strip all names off it, just use the social security number to ID the person.
Oh, KHannon, do you know Jennifer carter at Notre Dame? Probably not, it's a big school (I got accepted then couldn't afford the 30k, but I know about the school). She's a junior there, played soccer her first two years. Anyway, if you do, she's my cousin.
Im going to have to disagree with a part of your post. The Social security number should have *NO USE* in a university setting. It was never meant to be the national ID and it makes me angry every time I am asked for it. People dont understand how valuable it is, and how someone could mess up your life really badly if they got it.
A Little C4 Knocking at Your Door
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#58 2003-01-21 10:59 pm
- Cyberpawz
- Member
- Registered: 2001-11-14
- Posts: 10172
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
First off, I'm another who wouldn't mind seeing AA go completely. Cut the favoritism in all cases, legacy, affirmative action, everything. When an application comes in, strip all names off it, just use the social security number to ID the person.
Oh, KHannon, do you know Jennifer carter at Notre Dame? Probably not, it's a big school (I got accepted then couldn't afford the 30k, but I know about the school). She's a junior there, played soccer her first two years. Anyway, if you do, she's my cousin.Im going to have to disagree with a part of your post. The Social security number should have *NO USE* in a university setting. It was never meant to be the national ID and it makes me angry every time I am asked for it. People dont understand how valuable it is, and how someone could mess up your life really badly if they got it.
Been there done that, have already been to court for someone taking my ID, and ruining my credit. The credit companies although agreed that it wasn't me that did the purchases, they would not take the black marks off my credit... I already tried to fight it, but to no avail.
Cyberpawz
Governing sense, mind and intellect, intent of liberation, free from desire, fear and anger, the sage is forever free.
Bhagavad Gita (c.B.C. 400)
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#59 2003-01-22 2:28 am
- Uncle Dick
- Member
- From: 'Ali Sab
- Registered: 2000-08-19
- Posts: 1105
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
So you see no reason to give certain groups (mind you, I think that race could play PART of the admissions process...along with economic status) a 'leg-up' when applying for school? Even those students who have went to school in poor areas, probably receiving an education that is not on par with schools in richer areas?
Indeedy. Why should students who are already "behind the curve" be allowed to enter an institution above students who have been properly prepared? The solution exists in improving the schools in poorer areas, not punishing "rich" students.
There are 'facts' at play here. Standardized test score data shows that black students, on the whole, have increased at the same rate of ability as white students...just about 10-15 years behind schedule.
1) Please provide a source for these "facts".
2) Why should preference be given to students "behind schedule"? Why can't we solve the problem at the source through better instruction in the K-12 arena?
Personally, if I were a college administrator, I might think twice about accepting a upper-middle class student who went to a private high school and has a marginal GPA when another student who came from a poor area is up against him with the same numbers.
You'd need a lot more data to make an informed decision. Standardized test scores, the relative rankings of the two high schools and difficulty of material attempted.
Everyone is aware that these are the same types of programs that get atheletes admitted to programs they normally couldn't get into? Is anyone suing on that account?
No, but perhaps they should. I, for one, believe that athletics have no place in school at any level from the university on down. They sap funds from academic programs and distract from learning process. If I was in charge, both AA and athletic scholarships would be abolished. Unfortunately, the issue of sports in school isn't nearly as controversial as AA so it makes the most sense to eliminate the injustice that is most easily combatted.
What part of the country do you live in?
1) How is this relevant?
2) Central (and occasionally Southern) California
And what do you think about the issue of 'special privileges' being given other ways...like how Bush got into school?
1) As far as I'm concerned, private schools can do whatever they want to. My primary objection comes when state funds are used to support discrimination.
2) If one or more generations of a family have managed to successfully complete a specified program, it can be reasonably inferred that future generations will be able to do the same. Universities take less of a "risk" on students who have a certain program "in their blood".
Do you think that all laws baring discrimination should be done away with...by now, 2003, we should be able to trust our fellow Americans to do what is right, right?
Heavens, no. Laws prohibiting discrimination are essential to a free and just society. AA is not an institution which prohibits discrimination. It promotes discrimination. Reverse discrimination + discrimination != no discrimination.
The most recent issue of Newsweek contains a fascinating (and encouraging) poll regarding AA:
[b]
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#60 2003-01-22 2:37 am
- bratboy
- attorney-at-law
- Royal Wombat

- From: Austin, Texas
- Registered: 2003-01-19
- Posts: 30562
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
The solution exists in improving the schools in poorer areas, not punishing "rich" students.
Why should preference be given to students "behind schedule"? Why can't we solve the problem at the source through better instruction in the K-12 arena?
Universities take less of a "risk" on students who have a certain program "in their blood".
Okay...you're more of the 'conservative' leaning, no? Explain to me how we improve minority schools in poor areas when there are no resources to create that change? When people in more wealthy areas couldn't care less about those students? What happens in the meantime?
LOL...and this program 'in the blood' bit...that's silly.
Like I said, coming from the university that first went to court on this issue...I've heard many good reasons for the program. One professor did offer a positive side to the lawsuit ruling that came about there: That no student could ever look at a fellow black student and accuse them of being where they are because of an AA program. That is a good thing.
"One thing we've learned is there's a difference between being disappointed and having madmen in authority."
--Paul Krugman
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#61 2003-01-22 2:48 am
- Uncle Dick
- Member
- From: 'Ali Sab
- Registered: 2000-08-19
- Posts: 1105
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
The solution exists in improving the schools in poorer areas, not punishing "rich" students.
Why should preference be given to students "behind schedule"? Why can't we solve the problem at the source through better instruction in the K-12 arena?
Universities take less of a "risk" on students who have a certain program "in their blood".Okay...you're more of the 'conservative' leaning, no?
Yes. I believe in the equality of opportunity, not the equality of results.
Explain to me how we improve minority schools in poor areas when there are no resources to create that change? When people in more wealthy areas couldn't care less about those students? What happens in the meantime?
If by "resources" you really mean "money", be advised that there is no correlation between "per student spending" and "improved performance".
LOL...and this program 'in the blood' bit...that's silly.
Yeah, I wasn't too terribly serious about that, but I do believe that better educated parents are more likely to raise better educated children who can succeed at the university level.
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#62 2003-01-22 8:50 am
- Cyberpawz
- Member
- Registered: 2001-11-14
- Posts: 10172
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
When are people going to learn, that discrimination no matter what type it is, "reverse discrimination", and discrimination are still cut from the same cloth....
School systems, when privatized, can do whatever they wish. They are not held to the same standards that a public school system is. A private school system can have an applicatory standard of all black, or all whites if they wish. It is not for the government, or the surrounding area to say. For a private institution can have it's own rules are regulations if it wished...
The reason AA does not work the same way in businesses, is because some person, possibly hispanic, black, or whatnot found that the majority of white people were being hired instead of the work place being multicultural in it's hiring practices.
This led to the downfall of not just American superiority in the markets but increased racism that would soon become daily practice. People are no longer hired because of their qualifications, but because of the color of their skin, which is not just wrong, but is practicing, and reinforcing racism.
There is no such thing as good racism, there is no such thing as reverse racism, even though people like using those words. If you exclude, or include a person, or a group just because of their gender, or racial ethnicity, or their color of their skin (which is almost the same as the last part) then you are practicing racism, even though you may not think yourself as such, you are racist.
People have to get rid of AA, or bring it back to the foundations of which it was meant to be. Gender and Color blind. If they do not, then this country is going to rot in it's own feces, as it tries to wade through it to correct a problem that should never of gotten out of hand in the first place.
Cyberpawz
Governing sense, mind and intellect, intent of liberation, free from desire, fear and anger, the sage is forever free.
Bhagavad Gita (c.B.C. 400)
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#63 2003-01-22 9:07 am
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
The solution exists in improving the schools in poorer areas, not punishing "rich" students.
EXACTLY! I could not agree more. in fact, take that a step further, and provide better social services for these people (like free daycare to those who take extra courses during the day, etc). i've proposed this on these boards before, and having "been in the trenches" many times, this seems to be one of the best ways to solve this issue. nip it in the bud! give these folks a fighting chance from the beginning.
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#64 2003-01-23 12:06 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
Here's the listing of point systems used at Michigan
80 points
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#65 2003-01-23 12:45 pm
- KHannon
- Fightin' Legal Irish

- From: Notre Dame Law School
- Registered: 2000-05-14
- Posts: 2838
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
Oh, KHannon, do you know Jennifer carter at Notre Dame? Probably not, it's a big school (I got accepted then couldn't afford the 30k, but I know about the school). She's a junior there, played soccer her first two years. Anyway, if you do, she's my cousin.
Thats hell of funny; she lives in the dorm across the quad from me. A couple of my friends live in that dorm. I don't know her personally, but thats probally cause I am a freshman and have a hard enough time getting to class 
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#66 2003-01-24 11:40 am
#67 2003-01-24 12:00 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
Uncle Dick: With all due respect-- GET REAL.
We can engage in a continual point-counterpoint exchange on this topic ad nauseum. But my bottom line is this. I don't believe that the American people as a whole have the capacity to do ANY major acts of social benevolence or public good purely on voluntary human will alone. And reduced to its least common denominator, I don't think you really do either.
If human conscience was compelling enough for the majority of us to do the right thing, not only would racism be eliminated, but so would illicit drug use, highway littering, road rage, domestic violence, homelessness, consumer fraud, and a host of other lingering problems that would be worse without some level of government involvement.
I've been a volunteer in a number of charities and social causes for most of my life. But in a lot of matters, people will simply not act right until the law is involved. One of those matters is discrimination. So pardon me if I don't hold my breath waiting for the day that a tremendous groundswell of American goodwill eliminates racism. And as far as a gradual movement in that direction-- it seems to me that 225 years ought to be long enough, if it's what the majority of Americans have really wanted.
So I say again: tell me what we ought to do instead of AA. And nothing is not the answer-- certainly not if it's based on faith in human nature.
Hi Folks!
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#68 2003-01-24 6:34 pm
- Uncle Dick
- Member
- From: 'Ali Sab
- Registered: 2000-08-19
- Posts: 1105
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
And no, Uncle Dick-- NOTHING is not an alternative. We had that for almost 200 years.
I propose that we move all discussion on AA into one thread since it seems a bit silly to argue the same thing in two different places.
Again, you are getting way off-topic. There are already laws in place, completely removed from Affirmative Action that ensure equality of opportunity for all Americans, regardless of color. The abolishment of AA will NOT make it legal for universities to discriminate against minorities, despite your attempts to color it that way.
I don't believe that the American people as a whole have the capacity to do ANY major acts of social benevolence or public good purely on voluntary human will alone. And reduced to its least common denominator, I don't think you really do either.
I'm sorry that you have such a pessimistic view of the human race. I'm really curious to know why you think that weak-willed elected officials (elected by weak-willed humans) will somehow combat racism more effectively than the everyday weak-willed American. Do you believe that government officials are "superhuman"?
And as far as a gradual movement in that direction-- it seems to me that 225 years ought to be long enough, if it's what the majority of Americans have really wanted.
I find it amusing that you cannot differentiate between the will of the American people 225 years ago and the will of the American people today.
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#69 2003-01-24 7:54 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
I don't believe that the American people as a whole have the capacity to do ANY major acts of social benevolence or public good purely on voluntary human will alone. And reduced to its least common denominator, I don't think you really do either.
If human conscience was compelling enough for the majority of us to do the right thing, not only would racism be eliminated, but so would illicit drug use, highway littering, road rage, domestic violence, homelessness, consumer fraud, and a host of other lingering problems that would be worse without some level of government involvement.
So I say again: tell me what we ought to do instead of AA. And nothing is not the answer-- certainly not if it's based on faith in human nature.
i'm really sorry you feel this way, Zik. i expected more from you. considering the tone of your post, the word "disgruntled" come to mind- i'm assuming you've had some bad experiences yourself?
there are plenty of measures that can be taken to get at the root of the problem- i've made a few posts elsewhere and here that describe some initiatives. AA and programs like them are/were just half-measures, probably politically motivated, to "band-aid" the problems. they were not intended to provide a cure.
having said that, there is plenty that the minority population in general, and the black community specifically, can do for themselves. "reverse descrimination" lives and breathes in this country- i see it EVERY DAY. there isn't a day that goes by that i don't hear, "i ain't going to that white doctor", or "there's that white doctor who told me i had an STD". and i'm supposedly one of the more respected people in the community. picking new leaders would be a start- ignorant, hateful, tunnel-vision bias is engrained in their rhetorical speeches and sermons. i can only shake my head in disbelief.
so what have i done about it? i regularly visit community centers to teach folks about medicine in general, but also to garner some trust. it has actually worked- over the past two years, the attendance at these sessions has almost tripled, and last summer i was invited to play on one of the softball teams- i was the only white person.
and no, there will never be a time when we will ALL get along. but there can be a time when race won't be the culprit.
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#70 2003-01-25 4:22 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
Thank you Dr. Phil (Uncle Dick and jdoc) on such a learned assessment of my psychological and emotional state.
Your assertion that I am disgruntled is a lot of vulture vomit. I regard it as an attempt to deflect your debates with me from one of my points: the conservative argument that moral progress is achieved best through voluntary rather than legislative action is a moral copout, asserted in many cases to help ensure that NO moral action is ever actually taken. The conservative position on calls to end discrimination during the 19th and 20th century can be summed in one word: WAIT.
It is neither cynical or disgruntled to state the obvious point that human nature often influences us to select the wrong option when choosing between doing what is morally right and personally safe. Racism persists for many reasons. Among them are the facts that some people profit from it (financially, politically, or both), other people are simply afraid of change, and still others find it easier to discredit or sabotage the solutions rather than address the causes.
It is in my view an appropriate role of government to legislate and enforce behavior that establishes a greater good. That's not cynicism or pie-in-the-sky liberalism. It is also an established precept of capitalist microeconomics: that government must act to protect the greater good when market forces fail to do so. And it is not cynical to believe that many of the world's ills could be eliminated if it were not for the fact that so many single and/or collective entities were making a profit from them.
I would suggest to y'all that you abandon your attempts to paint me as some sort of mean-spirited cynic and focus instead on my other point: while it is true that government cannot legislate morality, it CAN legislate morally responsible and accountable behavior. The reason why it can-- and needs to-- is because most societies lack the collective will to be morally proactive on their own. That's not my opinion: that's the record of history. And America's accomplishments in civil rights-- achieved primarily through legislation and judicial rather than voluntary action-- is a part of that record.
I do give you, jdoc, credit for at least being in the trenches. But Uncle Dick, before you attempt to lecture me on my opinion of the human capacity for goodness, perhaps you would be so kind as to tell us what YOU'VE been doing lately to improve the quality of life for fellow citizens and humans.
Hi Folks!
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#71 2003-01-25 4:28 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
And BTW, Uncle Dick-- I'm still waiting for you to suggest an approach to ending discrimination that will work better than AA. Or do you believe that discrimination doesn't exist anymore in America?
If you agree with me that it does, than what do YOU suggest be done about it?
Why do you seem to be evading those questions?
Hi Folks!
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#72 2003-01-27 1:15 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
while it is true that government cannot legislate morality, it CAN legislate morally responsible and accountable behavior. The reason why it can-- and needs to-- is because most societies lack the collective will to be morally proactive on their own. That's not my opinion: that's the record of history. And America's accomplishments in civil rights-- achieved primarily through legislation and judicial rather than voluntary action-- is a part of that record.
government officials are elected by the people, for the people. they are representatives- they represent the will of the people. our country is run by the will of the majority. it would be safe to assume that progress, e.g. in civil rights, was pre-empted by voluntary, moral (hopefully), individual/small group will. their voices were heard and their actions were propagated. this is the part that most people don't see, and this is also why we vote.
so, yes, the government is responsible for "motivating" the people, but only after the people have spoken. now i realize that some officials are corrupt or immoral, but between and among organizations, this averages out.
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#73 2003-01-29 11:49 am
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
while it is true that government cannot legislate morality, it CAN legislate morally responsible and accountable behavior. The reason why it can-- and needs to-- is because most societies lack the collective will to be morally proactive on their own. That's not my opinion: that's the record of history. And America's accomplishments in civil rights-- achieved primarily through legislation and judicial rather than voluntary action-- is a part of that record.
government officials are elected by the people, for the people. they are representatives- they represent the will of the people. our country is run by the will of the majority. it would be safe to assume that progress, e.g. in civil rights, was pre-empted by voluntary, moral (hopefully), individual/small group will. their voices were heard and their actions were propagated. this is the part that most people don't see, and this is also why we vote.
so, yes, the government is responsible for "motivating" the people, but only after the people have spoken. now i realize that some officials are corrupt or immoral, but between and among organizations, this averages out.
According to your logic then, it is accurate to say that the reason why discrimination existed in the South before 1965-- and why the elected officials from Southern states and districts allowed such discrimination to remain the law-- was because it was the will of the people. And historically, that's exactly what happened. No southern politician could expect to be elected without unequivocally supporting that invidious status quo.
I would submit to you that the civil rights laws that were passed in the 1960's were NOT the will of the people-- certainly not the southern people who had the right to vote at that time. They were federal laws or high court decisions that got passed over the objections of the southern congressmen who represented the views of their constituents. And almost all of those laws were met with resistance, and in some cases, violence.
But let's not just indict the southern people for their lack of voluntary initiative on the matter of race. A decade later, northern bigots joined the party as well when school desegregation orders came to THEIR towns.
My point is still this: government, not people, has been the conduit by which socially and morally appropriate advancements in America have been made. I don't think you've said anything in your last post that disproves that.
Hi Folks!
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#74 2003-01-29 12:20 pm
Re: Bush is going to speak on AA
My point is still this: government, not people, has been the conduit by which socially and morally appropriate advancements in America have been made. I don't think you've said anything in your last post that disproves that.
well, yeah, actually i have. its the MAJORITY that wins. in your examples, obviously the southern leaders and northern bigots weren't in the majority, now were they. our country is made up of more than a few states. The government makes very few decisions without the approval of the people- the majority of people (the decision to go to war may be one of them), and the people voice their opinions at the voting booths. movements, like the civil rights movement, are born by individuals and small groups, and eventually get enough backing by the "higher-ups" such that government is pressured to make a difference.
by your theory, we live under a good-for-all dictatorship, where the government makes all of the decisions regarding "socially and morally appropriate advancements".
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